Neurology is a medical specialty that diagnoses and treats 
diseases of the Central Nervous System (brain and spinal cord) and 
Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous System.
The 
Central Nervous System is the organ that coordinates all our body's activity.
It has in addition to coordinating functions, specific functions that stand out motor activity (walking, muscle strength), sensitivity and coordination. It also contributes to a normal functioning of the 
vison, 
hearing, 
taste and 
smell, as well as the expression of the language or affections. 
This explains why the 
Central Nervous System diseases can present complaints related with all these functions.